Welcome to the incredible journey of parenthood! As you navigate these precious early days, one of the most important steps you'll take is protecting your little one's health through vaccination. The first year is packed with essential shots that build a strong foundation of immunity against serious diseases.
It can seem like a lot, but this schedule is carefully designed to protect your baby when they are most vulnerable. This guide outlines the typical vaccinations recommended in India from birth up to 12 months, based largely on the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) guidelines, which often include vaccines also covered by the National Immunization Schedule (NIS).
Remember: Always consult your pediatrician! They will provide the precise schedule for your baby, discuss combination vaccine options, and answer all your questions.
The First Year Vaccination Journey:
- At Birth (Day 1): The Welcome Protection
- BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin): Protects against severe forms of Tuberculosis (TB), particularly TB meningitis. Usually given as a small injection in the left upper arm, leaving a tiny scar later.
- OPV 0 (Oral Polio Vaccine - Zero Dose): The first dose to start protection against Polio, a disease that can cause paralysis. Given as oral drops.
- Hep B 1 (Hepatitis B - Birth Dose): First shot to protect against Hepatitis B, a viral infection that affects the liver.
- At 6 Weeks: The First Big Round
- DTwP / DTaP 1: First dose protecting against Diphtheria (severe throat infection), Tetanus (lockjaw), and Pertussis (whooping cough). Discuss the 'painful' (DTwP) vs 'less painful' (DTaP) option with your doctor.
- IPV 1 (Inactivated Polio Vaccine): First injectable dose for enhanced Polio protection.
- Hib 1 (Haemophilus influenzae type b): Protects against serious illnesses caused by Hib bacteria, like bacterial meningitis and pneumonia.
- Rotavirus 1: First dose (oral drops) to protect against Rotavirus, a common cause of severe diarrhea and dehydration in babies.
- PCV 1 (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine): First dose protecting against diseases caused by Pneumococcus bacteria, like pneumonia, meningitis, and ear infections.
- Hep B 2: Second dose of Hepatitis B vaccine.
- (Note: DTP, IPV, Hib, and Hep B are often combined into a single 6-in-1 (Hexavalent) injection for convenience).
- At 10 Weeks: Building Momentum
- DTwP / DTaP 2: Second dose.
- IPV 2: Second dose.
- Hib 2: Second dose.
- Rotavirus 2: Second dose (oral drops).
- PCV 2: Second dose.
- (Often given as a combination vaccine + Rotavirus + PCV)
- At 14 Weeks: Completing the Primary Series
- DTwP / DTaP 3: Third dose.
- IPV 3: Third dose.
- Hib 3: Third dose.
- Rotavirus 3: Third dose (oral drops - note: some brands only need 2 doses).
- PCV 3: Third dose.
- (Often given as a combination vaccine + Rotavirus + PCV)
- At 6 Months: New Protections Introduced
- OPV 1: First dose of Oral Polio Vaccine after the birth dose.
- Hep B 3: Third dose of Hepatitis B vaccine.
- Influenza (Flu) Vaccine 1 & 2 (IAP Recommended): Starting at 6 months, the flu shot is recommended annually. For the very first time, babies get two doses, given 4 weeks apart. Protection is crucial as flu can be serious for infants.
- TCV (Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine) (IAP Recommended): A single dose recommended anytime from 6 months onwards to protect against Typhoid fever, spread through contaminated food and water.
- At 9 Months: Milestone Vaccines
- OPV 2: Second dose of Oral Polio Vaccine.
- MMR 1 (Measles, Mumps, Rubella): First dose protecting against these three viral illnesses. Measles can be very serious, Mumps causes swelling of glands, and Rubella is especially risky if contracted during pregnancy later in life.
- At 12 Months (Happy 1st Birthday!):
- Hep A 1 (Hepatitis A) (IAP Recommended): First dose protecting against Hepatitis A, another viral liver infection usually spread through contaminated food or water.
- Influenza (Flu) Vaccine: Annual dose (if the initial two doses were completed and it's flu season).
Important Things to Remember:
- Combination Shots: Don't be alarmed if your baby gets multiple vaccines in one shot. Combination vaccines are safe, effective, and mean fewer pricks for your little one!
- Mild Side Effects: It's common for babies to have mild fever, soreness, or redness at the injection site after vaccination. These usually pass within a day or two. Ask your pediatrician about managing these (e.g., paracetamol drops if needed, appropriate dosage).
- Keep Records: Maintain your baby's vaccination card diligently and bring it to every visit.
- Stay on Schedule: Timely vaccination is key for the best protection. If you miss a dose, contact your doctor immediately to arrange a catch-up.
Your Role in Protection:
Completing this first year's vaccination schedule is one of the most powerful gifts you can give your child—a strong shield of immunity for a healthier future. Stay in close touch with your pediatrician, follow their guidance, and celebrate each milestone your baby crosses.
To make your journey smoother, Babynama offers a Vaccination Program that helps you stay organized and informed at every step. From timely reminders, pediatric support, to guidance on the right vaccine combinations, Babynama is here to support your baby's health.
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With expert pediatricians, personalized care, and trusted clinics, you can ensure your baby’s vaccine journey is on track and worry-free.
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