Gastritis In Children: Causes, Symptoms, And Treatment

Gastritis is a condition where the stomach lining becomes inflamed, resulting in a range of uncomfortable symptoms. While it is commonly associated with adults, children can also experience gastritis. In this blog, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatment of gastritis in children.

Types of gastritis:

• Acute gastritis - A sudden onset of gastritis.
• Chronic gastritis - Gastritis that occurs gradually and for an extended period.

What Are the Risk Factors for Children's Gastritis?

They are at risk of developing gastritis if-

• A bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection
• Having autoimmune disorders, such as diabetes, thyroid disease, or Crohn's disease
• Some kind of toxic item was swallowed, like a button battery
• Suffering from trauma (stomach or intestine injury in a child)
• Particular medication such as taking a steroid or an NSAID to relieve pain

Causes of Gastritis in Children:

Gastritis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial or viral infections, allergies, and immune system disorders. Some of the most common causes of gastritis in children include:

1. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection: This is a bacterial infection that can cause gastritis, ulcers, and stomach cancer. It is common in children, and can be contracted through contaminated food or water.
2. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs like ibuprofen and aspirin can irritate the stomach lining and cause gastritis. Children should not be given these medications without a doctor's approval.
3. Allergies: Children with food allergies or intolerances can develop gastritis if they consume foods that irritate their stomachs.
4. Stress: Stress can cause gastritis by increasing the production of stomach acid and disrupting the balance of bacteria in the stomach.

Symptoms of Gastritis in Children:

The symptoms of gastritis in children can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition. Some of the most common symptoms include:

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Bloating
• Diarrhea
• Dark stools
• Fatigue
• Poor growth and development

Diagnose

For comprehensive diagnostic testing for gastritis symptoms-

• Blood & Stool Test - physicians collect blood samples to identify infections and stool samples to examine for blood or bacteria.
• Breath Test - A capsule containing urea liquid must be swallowed if H. pylori infection is suspected. Since bacteria use urea to produce carbon dioxide, exhaling into a balloon raises carbon dioxide levels.
• The pediatric gastroenterologist also uses an endoscopy procedure to examine your child's upper digestive tract. An esophagus-to-mouth tube with a camera attached is used for this examination.

Treatment of Gastritis in Children:

The treatment of gastritis in children depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In many cases, gastritis can be treated with medication and dietary changes. Here are some of the most common treatment options:

1. Antibiotics: If the child has an H. pylori infection, antibiotics may be prescribed to eliminate the bacteria.
2. Acid-suppressing medication: Medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine H2-receptor antagonists can reduce the production of stomach acid and allow the stomach lining to heal.
3. Dietary changes: Children with gastritis should avoid spicy, acidic, and fatty foods. They should also eat smaller, more frequent meals and avoid eating close to bedtime.
4. Stress management: If stress is a contributing factor to the child's gastritis, stress management techniques like mindfulness and relaxation exercises may be recommended.

Preventive methods for gastritis in children include:

• Avoiding irritants: Children should avoid consuming spicy, acidic, or fatty foods that can irritate the stomach lining.
• Limiting NSAID use: If your child needs to take NSAIDs, make sure they take them with food and for a short period.
• Treating infections: If your child has an H. pylori infection, their doctor may prescribe antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria.
• Managing stress: Encouraging your child to practice stress-reducing activities such as exercise, mindfulness, and meditation can help prevent gastritis.

Did you know that the average child gets colds approx. 8 to 10 times per year?

To keep your child comfortable during a cold, make sure they get plenty of rest and fluids. When your child has a cold, it's important to make sure they eat well & avoid certain foods to improve their immune system.

How to Feed a Baby when she/he is cold and coughing?

• Under six months: breast milk or adapted formula
• Over six months: small, frequent meals of easily digestible foods, no greasy or spicy foods
• Don't force baby to eat, offer foods they like
• Ensure hydration with water, soup, lukewarm fruit juices
• ORS if prescribed
• Home remedies like massage and steam may help
• Mindfulness of what you feed as loss of appetite can lead to dehydration and nausea.

Foods to Avoid During Cold and Cough

Foods to avoid during cold and cough in babies include:

1. Cow's milk and dairy products: Cow's milk is difficult for babies to digest and can worsen their symptoms.
2. Honey: Honey can contain bacteria that can cause botulism in infants, leading to potentially serious illness.
3. Citrus fruits: Citrus fruits can be acidic and may irritate your baby's throat.
4. Fried and greasy foods: These foods can be difficult to digest and may worsen symptoms like cough and congestion.
5. Spicy foods: Spicy foods can irritate your baby's throat and make symptoms worse.
6. Processed and packaged foods: These foods may contain additives and preservatives that can be harmful to your baby's health.
7. Carbonated drinks: Carbonated drinks can dehydrate your baby and may also irritate their throat.

Key points to remember

• Information provided is for guidance only, not a substitute for medical advice
• Consult a pediatrician if symptoms persist
• Seek medical attention if baby is dehydrated or wheezing or ear infection
• Introduce each food separately and watch for allergies
• Honey, milk, salt, and sugar should be avoided for babies under one year
• Always consult a pediatrician before adding new foods to your baby's diet

Conclusion

Gastritis in children is a treatable condition that can be caused by various factors. Parents should be aware of the symptoms of gastritis and seek medical attention if their child experiences any of them. With prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, children with gastritis can recover quickly and avoid complications.

Get expert medical advice from our team of experienced pediatricians within 15 minutes or emergency-consultation for your child's health and development. Sign up for Babynama's care plans today to get unlimited access to chat with a pediatrician directly on WhatsApp to get answers to your child's health-related queries and the best possible care. Babynama's aim is to provide fast, reliable, and quality healthcare support to parents. Be a part of Babynama today!